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Revision Notes

Class 6

Science

Chapter 16 Garbage In, Garbage Out

Cbse Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16

An Overview of Cbse Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16

In Cbse Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16, you’ll get to know all about garbage, waste management, and how our daily actions affect the environment. This chapter makes it easy to understand why it’s important to keep our surroundings clean, recycle, and follow good habits at home and school. If you ever feel confused about terms like biodegradable, landfills, or the 3Rs, these notes clear things up in simple steps. To prepare well, you can also check the Class 6 Science Syllabus for all updated topics.

With helpful explanations and real-life examples, these notes guide you through every topic. Vedantu’s resources make revising this chapter stress-free, so you can feel ready and confident for your CBSE exams. Learning this chapter is even easier with our Class 6 Science Revision Notes for all chapters.

Access Class 6 Science Chapter 16 – Garbage in, Garbage out Notes in 30 Minutes

Garbage:

This is a term used to describe any material that is of no use to us and has been discarded due to its lack of usage or is worthless.
Lot of waste or garbage is generated all around us every day, be it the wrappers of toffees, packets of chips, cold drink cans, waste paper, clothes, food, etc.
The garbage can be classified into different types based on the source of the waste obtained, their toxicity and nature.

Types of Waste Based on the Source of Garbage:

Domestic Wastes: This is all the organic waste that is generated from households like kitchen waste which contains, fruit and vegetable peels, waste food, cardboard, paper, cans, tins, utensils, clothes etc. These are usually collected in urban areas daily or managed in the backyards in rural areas.
Industrial Wastes: This includes all the wastes that are generated by the industries. These are generally toxic and affect our health. Some of the common industrial wastes are smoke, ash, fly ash, glass, plastic, etc. These are mostly produced by the iron and steel, paint, fertilizer, chemical industries.
Agricultural Wastes: Agriculture is a main source of income for many people. Agriculture tends to produce a huge amount of waste in the form of husks, straws, dried stems, weed, animal manure, and sometimes toxic pesticide or fertilizer runoffs that get mixed with the water source.
Commercial Wastes: These are the wastes that are produced by the commercial places like malls, shops, hotels, restaurants, etc.
Bio-Medical Waste: This includes all the wastes that are produced in hospitals and clinics and medical centres.

Type of Wastes Based on Toxicity:

Toxic Wastes: The waste that is capable of causing harm and becoming a health threat to us. Example - electronic wastes like old computers, phones, batteries, paints, industrial waste, etc.
Non-Toxic Wastes: The waste that does not cause any harm to health. Example - paper, leftover food, vegetable peels, etc.

Types of Wastes Based on Their Nature of Degradation:

Biodegradable wastes: The waste that can be converted into simple forms of carbon dioxide, oxygen, water or other forms by the action of microorganisms are called biodegradable. Once these are broken down into simple forms or degraded, they are converted into useful materials that can be used in the soil as manure. Example - vegetable and fruit peels, animal waste, farm waste etc.
Non-biodegradable wastes: This waste cannot be broken down into simpler forms by microorganisms. These wastes remain as it is in the soil for years and cause harm to organisms. Example: plastics, glass, parts of electronic items, tyres etc.

Plastics:

Plastics are found in almost everything around you, in bottles, carry bags, containers, toys, pens, pipes etc or in packaging materials like plastic wraps etc. Though these are very lightweight and easy to handle, their disposal is a big issue.
These are not biodegradable.
They pose a health issue to us and pollute the environment.

Negative Effects of Plastics:

The burning of plastics emits toxic gases into the air which pollutes it and may cause many diseases and cancer.
The plastics in the garbage can choke the drains in the rainy season leading to floods.
The animals may eat the plastics and choke to death.
The food stored in plastic containers may not be suitable for eating always and may cause health issues.
The plastics buried in the soil pollute them and makes them harmful for cultivation.
Plastic wastes accumulate in the environment and can lead to global warming.

Ways To Reduce Plastic Waste Generation:

Switch to cloth bags for shopping and stop using plastic bags.
Make sure not to throw plastic wastes here and there on the road or in the water bodies.
Try not to store food items in plastic bags.
Do not burn the plastic wastes that are generated.
Collect all the plastics after use and send them for recycling.
Try and educate others about the negative impact of using plastics.

Management and Disposal of Waste:

All the waste that is generated in any form needs to be managed and disposed of in a proper manner for us to stay healthy and keep the environment clean.
The government of India took up a step towards this by launching the ‘Swachh Bharat Mission on October 2, 2019, to make our country clean.
There are various ways to manage garbage or waste. They are:

Use of Landfills:

This is a large low lying area, where the garbage collected from different places is dumped.
The useful materials are separated from it and the rest of the garbage is spread and a layer of soil is put on them.
After that landfill is full, it is converted into a park or ground and no buildings are constructed there.

Composting:

This is a natural method of converting biodegradable waste like the kitchen and food waste into a nutrient-rich material that can be used as manure for plants.
This can be done by simply making a pit in the ground and putting the wastes in it.
With time these are decomposed by microorganisms and turn into manure.

Vermicomposting:

This is a type of composting where redworms are used to decompose the waste. The redworms are introduced in the pit with the waste.
They feed on the waste and excrete the digested material which is rich in nutrients.

Following the 3R’s principle –

Reduce means that we try and reduce the use of things that pollute the environment and generate waste like plastics, glass, etc.

Reuse refers to the reuse of the materials again, like reusing old clothes to make something or both sides of the paper to write.
Recycle means converting that waste material into something useful or a new product. Like recycling paper into paper mache articles, flower pots from plastics etc.

Chapter Summary - Garbage In, Garbage Out

Class 6 Science Chapter 16, "Garbage In, Garbage Out," teaches us about effective waste management. We learn the importance of disposing of waste properly, recycling materials, and reducing our ecological footprint. The chapter emphasizes the need to keep our surroundings clean and highlights the consequences of irresponsible waste disposal. By understanding the impact of our actions on the environment, we can contribute to creating a healthier and cleaner planet. From the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to exploring the significance of waste segregation, this chapter equips us with valuable knowledge to make responsible choices for a sustainable future.

Important Points to Remember about Garbage In, Garbage Out Chapter

1. Understanding Waste: Chapter 16 teaches us about waste management, emphasizing the importance of handling garbage responsibly.

2. Proper Disposal: Learn the significance of disposing of waste in designated places to keep our surroundings clean.

3. Recycling Matters: Explore the concept of recycling and how it helps in reusing materials, and reducing the burden on the environment.

4. Reducing Waste: Discover ways to reduce waste by making conscious choices, such as using less packaging or opting for reusable items.

5. Impact on the Environment: Understand how improper waste disposal can harm the environment, affecting plants, animals, and our overall well-being.

6. 3Rs Principle: Familiarize yourself with the 3Rs - Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle - as essential guidelines for sustainable living.

7. Waste Segregation: Learn about the importance of separating different types of waste for efficient recycling processes.

8. Responsibility Matters: Realize that each individual plays a role in maintaining a clean environment and reducing the collective impact of garbage.

9. Community Involvement: Explore how communities can work together to implement effective waste management practices for a healthier living environment.

10. Building a Sustainable Future: Recognize that the knowledge gained from this chapter empowers us to make informed choices, contributing to a cleaner and greener planet for future generations.

Benefits of Referring to Vedantu’s Revision Notes for Class 6 Science Chapter 16 - Garbage In, Garbage Out

Discovering the secrets of waste management in Class 6 Science Chapter 16 - "Garbage In, Garbage Out" is an exciting journey. Vedantu's Revision Notes for this chapter offer numerous benefits that make learning both enjoyable and effective.

1. Quick, Clear Summaries:

Vedantu’s Revision Notes swiftly capture the essence of waste management concepts, ensuring a quick understanding of key ideas in the chapter.

2. Simplifies Complex Topics:

The notes simplify intricate waste management topics, making them easily comprehensible for every class 6 student.

3. Efficient Last-Minute Prep:

An efficient tool for last-minute exam preparations, Vedantu's notes help students review important points swiftly and effectively.

4. Enhances Retention:

By presenting information in a concise and engaging manner, these notes enhance the retention of crucial waste management details.

5. Effective Exam Preparation:

Offering key points and helpful tips, Vedantu's notes become a valuable resource for a well-rounded and effective exam preparation strategy.

6. Time-Saving Consolidation:

Save time by consolidating information in one place, facilitating a focused study approach for the "Garbage In, Garbage Out" chapter.

7. Prioritizes Important Topics:

Vedantu's notes prioritize essential topics and questions, ensuring students focus on the most critical aspects of waste management.

8. Practical Examples for Real-World Connections:

The inclusion of practical examples in the notes establishes real-world connections, aiding students in understanding the relevance of waste management in their daily lives.

9. Boosts Student Confidence:

By providing a comprehensive overview of waste management, Vedantu's Revision Notes instill confidence in students, preparing them effectively for exams.

Referring to Vedantu’s Revision Notes for Class 6 Science Chapter 16 - "Garbage In, Garbage Out" not only simplifies learning but also empowers students with the knowledge needed to excel in examinations.

Conclusion

For an enhanced comprehension of this subject, NCERT - Class 6 Science Chapter 16 - Garbage In, Garbage Out, thoughtfully prepared by experienced educators at Vedantu, is your invaluable companion. These notes break down the complexities of Garbage In, Garbage Out into easily digestible sections, helping you grasp new concepts and navigate through questions effortlessly and quickly at the last minute as well. By immersing yourself in these notes, you not only prepare for your studies more efficiently but also develop a profound understanding of the subject matter.

FAQs on Cbse Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 16

1. What is a quick summary of the key concepts in CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 16, 'Garbage In, Garbage Out'?

This chapter provides a foundational understanding of waste management. Key concepts for revision include defining garbage, distinguishing between biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes, and exploring methods of waste disposal like creating landfills, composting, and vermicomposting. It also covers the importance of the 'Reduce, Reuse, Recycle' principle, particularly for materials like paper and plastic.

2. What is the main difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste as explained in this chapter?

The key difference lies in how they decompose. Following are the main points to remember for revision:

Biodegradable waste includes materials that can be broken down into harmless substances by microorganisms. Examples are fruit peels, leftover food, and paper.
Non-biodegradable waste consists of materials that cannot be easily broken down by natural processes and persist in the environment for a long time. Examples include plastics, glass, and metal cans.

3. How does composting help in managing kitchen waste?

Composting is a natural process of recycling organic waste, like vegetable peels and leftover food, into a nutrient-rich fertiliser called compost. In this method, microorganisms decompose the waste in a pit. This not only reduces the amount of garbage sent to landfills but also creates valuable manure for plants, effectively turning waste into a resource.

4. Why are redworms specifically used in vermicomposting?

Redworms are used in vermicomposting because they are incredibly efficient at breaking down organic waste. They consume the waste material, and their digestive process speeds up decomposition significantly. Their castings (excreta) are rich in nutrients and beneficial microbes, creating a very high-quality compost, known as vermicompost, much faster than traditional composting methods.

5. What is the main concept behind a landfill site for waste disposal?

A landfill is a large, designated area where garbage collected from a city or town is dumped and then covered with layers of soil. The primary concept is to dispose of large quantities of non-useful waste in a single, contained location. Once a landfill is full, it is often converted into a park or playground, as the construction of buildings on such sites is generally avoided for many years.

6. What is the core principle of 'Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle' for managing garbage?

The 'Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle' (3Rs) is a foundational strategy for sustainable waste management. The core idea is to handle waste in a prioritized manner:

Reduce: The first and most important step is to minimise the amount of waste you generate. For example, by choosing products with less packaging.
Reuse: The second step is to use items multiple times before discarding them, such as using glass jars for storage.
Recycle: The final step is to convert waste materials into new products, like recycling old paper to make new paper. This mantra helps conserve resources and reduce pollution.

7. Why is burning plastic and leaves considered a harmful practice in waste management?

Burning plastic and dried leaves is considered harmful because it releases toxic gases and fine particulate matter into the atmosphere, causing significant air pollution. These fumes can lead to serious health issues, including respiratory diseases like asthma. A key concept to revise is that leaves should be composted to create manure, and plastic should be sent for proper recycling to manage waste safely and protect environmental health.

8. How can a Class 6 student apply the concepts of this chapter to reduce garbage at home?

A student can apply the concepts by practising the 3Rs. They can reduce waste by avoiding single-use plastic items. They can reuse old notebooks for rough work or jars for storage. For recycling, they can help segregate waste into wet (biodegradable) and dry (non-biodegradable) bins, ensuring that paper, plastic, and glass items are sent for recycling instead of to a landfill.